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IAMC

Models & Documentation

Documentation for the integrated assessment models used across the consortium. Each entry links to the model’s own documentation and to the institution that maintains it.

This Section includes Integrated Assessment Models developed by IAMC Members' teams. The IAMC Wiki team is currently in the process of thoroughly updating the IAMC Wikipedia, i.e. the common Integrated Assessment Model documentation. This update includes expanding and updating the content (in line with the 6th Assessment Report), increasing model coverage and improving the submission and review process.

IAMC Wiki provides an overview of the IAM models using a transparent wiki-based approach that has been used consistently across a range of models. This allows for direct comparison of these models. In addition to the harmonized model documentation, also Model comparison allow for direct comparisons.

All model teams are encouraged to create a page on the Wiki. Please contact Mathijs Harmsen to join. The model information will be included also in this Section.

AIM-Hub AIM

Kyoto University

The Asia-Pacific Integrated Model (AIM) is a large-scale computer simulation model developed by the National Institute for Environmental Studies in collaboration with Kyoto University, Mizuho Information & Research Institute and several research institutes in the Asia-Pacific region. The AIM assesses policy options for stabilizing the global climate, particularly in the

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BET-GLUE BET

BET-GLUE comprises an energy-economic module (BET) and a bioenergy-land-use module (GLUE). BET is a multi-regional, inter-temporal general equilibrium model with a detailed energy system and an aggregated representation of macroeconomy that follows an optimal economic growth theory. The model explicitly handles energy service demand and end-use technologies in a global

BLUES – Brazilian Land Use and Energy System BLUES

The Brazilian Land Use and Energy System (BLUES) model is a perfect-foresight, least-cost optimization model for Brazil. It chooses the energy system configuration with the least total system cost over the entire time horizon of the study, in this case 2010 to 2050. The model minimizes costs of the entire

C3IAM – China’s Climate Change Integrated Assessment Model INDC

A series of global actions have been made to address climate change. As a recent developed climate policy, Intended Nationally Determined Contributions (INDC) have renewed attention to the importance of exploring temperature rise levels lower than 2 °C, in particular a long-term limit of 1.5 °C, compared to the preindustrial

CAPRI model – Common Agricultural Policy Regional Impact Analysis CAPRI

The Common Agricultural Policy Regional Impact (CAPRI) model is a global partial equilibrium model for the agricultural sector, with a focus on the European Union. It has been designed for ex-ante impact assessment of agricultural, environmental and trade policies. It has a supply module covering the EU and some auxiliary

China TIMES

China TIMES incorporates the whole energy system and water module, including energy supply, energy conversion and transmission, end-use demand sectors, water supply and water utilization. Five demand sectors, agriculture, industry, commercial, residential (divided into urban and rural) and transportation, are considered and further divided into 43 sub-sectors in China TIMES.

CIAS – Community Integrated Assessment System CIAS

the Community Integrated Assessment System (CIAS), a new approach to integrated modelling for climate change policy. Previously existing integrated assessment can be categorised into cost-benefit models with detailed economics and relatively simple representations of climate and impacts, and biophysical impacts models that have more detailed information about physical climate changes

CIRCOMOD overview of Circular Economy Stylized Models

A WIKI documentation providing an overview of the Circular Economy Stylized Models has been developed by the partners of the CIRCOMOD project. It provides a brief description of the models, their Circular Economy features and their significance in climate mitigation. It also provides external links for further reading. This documentation

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CLEWS – Climate, Land-use, Energy and Water Systems CLEWS

The Climate, Land-use, Energy and Water Systems (CLEWS) models are focused on assessing interlinkages between resource systems in order to understand how production and use of food, energy and water security resources may contribute to climate change, and how climate change may affect resource systems. The models also assess where

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CLIMADA – Economics of Climate Adaptation CLIMADA

Using state-​of-the-art probabilistic modelling, CLIMADAcall_made allows to estimate the expected economic damage as a measure of risk today, the incremental increase from economic growth and the further incremental increase due to climate change (see infograph below). The economics of climate adaptation methodology as implemented in CLIMADAcall_made provides decision makers with

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COFFEE

Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (COPPE/UFRJ), Brazil

COmputable Framework For Energy and the Environment — a global, integrated, bottom-up partial equilibrium model with a detailed representation of the energy system and of land use in Latin America.

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COFFEE – COmputable Framework For Energy and the Environment model COFFEE

The COFFEE models was developed at COPPE/UFRJ, Brazil, for assessing climate, land, energy and environmental policies, providing relevant information to experts and decision-makers about the possible development strategies and repercussions of long term climate scenarios. It is a perfect foresight linear programming optimization model, including 18 regions whose main purposes

DNE21+

DNE21+ model is developed for consistent and quantitative assessment of international framework and target regarding global warming beyond 2013, as well as of reduction effect of specific countermeasure technologies. Based on detailed technology data of every sector around the world, this model serves as a leading-edge analysis tool and enables

DSK – The Dystopian Schumpeter Meeting Keynes climate-economy agent-based model DSK

Institute of Economics

The Dystopian Schumpeter Meeting Keynes climate-economy agent-based model (DSK) is an agent based integrated assessment model for climate impacts and the study of climate fiscal and monetary policies. The DSK model is an agent-based simulation laboratory representing a global economy and its relationship with changes in climatic conditions. In particular,

E3ME – FTT E3ME

E3ME is a macro-econometric model designed to assess global policy challenges. It is widely used for policy assessment, forecasting and research purposes. It is used especially for the assessment of climate and energy policy. International trade is an important part of the analysis. It is designed to assess both national and global

E3MG

E3MG is a sectoral econometric model that has been developed with the intention of analysing long-term energy and environment interactions within the global economy and assessing short and long-term impacts of climate-change policy. It is very similar to E3ME in structure and closely links economic outcomes with energy policy. It

EMPIRE – European Model for Power System Investment with Renewable Energy EMPIRE

EMPIRE is a comprehensive power system model including generation, storage, and transmission capacity expansion. It is designed to determine optimal capacity investments under operational uncertainty, while also incorporating long- and short-term dynamics.To achieve these objectives, EMPIRE is a stochastic linear program endogenously considering uncertainty on an hourly operational resolution of

En-ROADS

En‑ROADS is a global climate simulator that allows users to explore the impact that dozens of policies—such as electrifying transport, pricing carbon, and improving agricultural practices—have on hundreds of factors like energy prices, temperature, air quality, and sea level rise. Developed by Climate Interactive, MIT Sloan, and Ventana Systems, En-ROADS

ENV-Linkages Model OECD

Developer or Source: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) The ENV-Linkages Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) model is an economic model that describes how economic activities are inter-linked across several macroeconomic sectors and regions. It links economic activity to environmental pressure, specifically to emissions of greenhouse gases (GHGs). The links

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EPPA – Emissions Prediction & Policy Analysis GHG

Purdue University

The EPPA model provides projections of world economic development at a regional and sectoral level, including the economic implications of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, conventional air pollution, land-use change, food demand, and natural resource use. EPPA simulates the evolution of economic, demographic, trade and technological processes involved in activities that

EUCalc – European Calculator EUCalc

The EUCalc models energy, resources, production and food systems at the EU level + UK and Switzerland (EU27+2) under pre-defined (but adjustable) levels of ambitions in regard to technological deployment and consumption behaviour. The modelling approach was inspired by the family of so called 2050 Calculators which were spearheaded by

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EXIOMOD 2.0 – EXtended Input-Output MODel

EXIOMOD is an economic model able to measure the environmental impact of economic activities. As a multisector model, it accounts for the economic dependency between sectors. It is also a global and multi-country model with a consistent trade linking between countries at the commodity level. Based on national account data,

FaIR – Finite Amplitude Impulse Response FaIR

The Finite Amplitude Impulse Response (FaIR) model is a simple emissions-based climate model. It allows the user to input emissions of greenhouse gases and short lived climate forcers in order to estimate global mean atmospheric GHG concentrations, radiative forcing and temperature anomalies. The original FaIR model (v1.0) was developed to

FeliX

The FeliX model represents a full system dynamics perspective on the social, economic, and environmental sub-components of the Earth system. Critical interdependencies among these systems are incorporated to recreate the complex dynamic behavior which characterizes the Anthropocene. FeliX is a globally aggregate model that can be adapted and simulated easily

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FUND – Climate Framework for Uncertainty, Negotiation and Distribution FUND

FUND is an integrated assessment model originally set-up to study the role of international capital transfers in climate policy. The model is now often used to perform cost-benefit and cost-effectiveness analyses of greenhouse gas emission reduction policies. It is therefore most suitable for analysing the social and economic impacts of

GAINS Model

Many traditional air pollutants and greenhouse gases have common sources. Their emissions interact in the atmosphere, and—jointly and individually—cause a variety of harmful environmental effects at the local, regional, and global scales. The GAINS model explores cost-effective emission control strategies that simultaneously tackle local air quality and greenhouse gases so as to

GCAM

GCAM is an integrated, multi-sector model that explores both human and Earth system dynamics. The role of models like GCAM is to bring multiple human and physical Earth systems together in one place to shed light on system interactions and provide scientific insights that would not otherwise be available from

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GCAM-Europe

The DIAMOND project team will develop GCAM-Europe, to explore alternative “what-if”-type scenarios deep- diving in the European region while staying connected with global trends and markets. This includes separating the European area in different countries; improving the calibration data on energy use, emissions, land, and water for Europe; increasing the

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GEM-E3

The General Equilibrium Model for Economy-Energy-Environment (GEM-E3) is a multi-regional, multi-sectoral, recursive dynamic computable general equilibrium (CGE) model which provides details on the macro-economy and its interaction with the environment and the energy system. It is an empirical, large scale model written entirely in structural form. It is well suited

GEMINI-E3 CGE

GEMINI-E3 is a multi-country, multi-sector, recursive computable general equilibrium (CGE) model. It simulates all relevant markets, domestic and international, considered as perfectly competitive, which implies that the corresponding prices are flexible in markets for commodities (through relative prices), for labour (through wages), and for domestic and international savings (through rates

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GET – Global Energy System model GET

The GET model is a global energy system model linked to a reduced complexity climate models in which greenhouse gases from other sectors of the economy is also taken into account. The model has a long history stretching back twenty years. The GET model has been used in several studies

GLOBIOM – Global Biosphere Management Model GLOBIOM

IIASA’s Global Biosphere Management Model (GLOBIOM) is used to analyze the competition for land use between agriculture, forestry, and bioenergy, which are the main land-based production sectors. As such, the model can provide scientists and policymakers with the means to assess, on a global basis, the rational production of food,

GLOBIO – Global Biodiversity Model for Policy Support MSA

GLOBIO calculates local terrestrial biodiversity intactness, expressed by the mean species abundance (MSA) indicator, as a function of six human pressures: land use, road disturbance, fragmentation, hunting, atmospheric nitrogen deposition and climate change. The core of the model consists of quantitative pressure-impact relationships that have been established based on extensive

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GLUCOSE

GLUCOSE is a global, highly aggregated, CLEWs-based IAM, open from source to solver. The model is designed for education and communication purposes. GLUCOSE shows how combined cross-sectoral policies are beneficial for all resources. Much like RICE and DICE are accessible IAM Economic models, CLUCOSE is an accessible technology and resource system model. It

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GRACE

The model for Global Responses to Anthropogenic Change in the Environment (GRACE) is a multi-sector, multi-regional, recursively dynamic global computable general equilibrium model (CGE) written in GAMS and based on GTAP database. The initial version of the model was developed at CICERO by Aaheim and Rive (2005) for long-term economic analysis of climate change impacts and

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IAM – Power System Model soft-link IAMs

There is a debate regarding the suitability of global integrated assessment models (IAMs) for long-term planning exercises of the global energy system. This study informs this debate from a power system perspective and proposes a methodological framework for soft-linking of global IAMs with detailed global power system models. With the

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ICES CGE

ICES is a recursive dynamic multiregional Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) model to assess impacts of climate change on the economic system and to study mitigation and adaptation policies. ICES is a multipurpose tool to assess impacts of climate change on the economic system, evaluate costs of mitigation and adaptation policies, describe the key role of public

IFs

International Futures (IFs) model, is a sophisticated and comprehensive forecasting modeling system that produces forecasts for 186 countries to the year 2100. Below is an interactive diagram of the IFs model structure, designed to help you understand how IFs builds its forecasts. The network diagram begins with a bird’s-eye-view of

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IFs Model: Updates and Resources SSPs

We are pleased to share several recent developments and resources that may be of interest to the community: Preprint on New SSP OperationalizationA preprint article has been released introducing a new operationalization of the Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSPs) for 188 countries through 2150. This work covers a wide range of

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IGSM – Integrated Global System Model IGSM

Designed to analyze interactions between humans and the Earth system, this comprehensive set of models is used to study the causes, consequences and solutions to problems that arise from global change. We define global change broadly and consider the unintended impacts of global economic and population growth on natural resource

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IMACLIM-R

The computation of long term economic pathways and the assessment of sustainable development policies require models able to embark information and expectations from economists, engineers, earth scientists and stakeholders. CIRED has drawn the architecture of modelling IMACLIM in order to cope with this scientific challenge at the interface of environment

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IMAGE

Integrated Model to Assess the Global Environment (IMAGE) 3.0 is a comprehensive integrated modelling framework of interacting human and natural systems. The model framework is suited to large scale (mostly global) and long-term (up to the year 2100) assessments of interactions between human development and the natural environment, and integrates

IMED model

College of Environmental Sciences

In view of the aforementioned pressing background and urgent demand for policy assessment, the Green and Low Carbon Research Group (Homepage: http://scholar.pku.edu.cn/hanchengdai) of College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering at Peking University is devoted to developing integrated assessment model of energy en…

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IPAC

In order to quantify GHG emissions from various sources, a modeling framework was developed to analyze possible pathways of energy activities and GHG emissions for the world and China. Structure of IPAC is displayed in Figure 1. IPAC is a multi-model framework, which cover different modeling methodologies by focusing on

MAGICC – Model for the Assessment of Greenhouse Gas Induced Climate Change IPCC

MAGICC stands for ‘Model for the Assessment of Greenhouse Gas Induced Climate Change’. It is a prime reduced-complexity model, often used by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), for key scientific publications and by a number of Integrated Assessment Models. MAGICC has a hemispherically averaged upwelling-diffusion ocean coupled to

MARKAL-India

TERI’s MARKAL-India model is a bottom-up customised MARKAL model for the Indian energy and environmental policy context. It is based on a rational expectation hypothesis of inter-temporal optimisation with perfect foresight. The energy service demands are estimated in useful energy terms and supply is met through all energy technologies available

MERGE-ETL

MERGE-ETL is an integrated assessment model combining a bottom-up description of the energy system, a top-down description of the economy (Ramsey-type), and a simplified climate cycle. In addition, technological learning is represented in MERGE-ETL by two-factor learning curves for technology investment costs by accounting for technological and regional spillovers in

MESSAGEix-GLOBIOM

The IIASA IAM framework consists of a combination of five different models or modules – the energy model MESSAGE, the land use model GLOBIOM, the air pollution and GHG model GAINS, the aggregated macro-economic model MACRO and the simple climate model MAGICC – which complement each other and are specialized

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MIMOSA – Integrated Assessment Model for Cost-Benefit Analysis IAM

Utrecht University

MIMOSA is an Integrated Assessment Model (IAM) part of the IMAGE family, with 26 regions covering the whole world. It is a relatively simple Cost-Benefit IAM that still covers the relevant technological and socio-economic dynamics. The climate impacts are calculated using state-of-the-art COACCH damage functions, and the mitigation costs have been

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OMNIA- Open-source MuNdus Integrated Assessment model OMNIA

DIAMOND will develop the Open-source MuNdus Integrated Assessment model (OMNIA), an individual, open-access global IAM based on the TIMES framework and the research expertise of established TIAM development teams. The great ambition of OMNIA is to enable a broader community of practice: based on shared development and best-in-practice approaches to

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OPEN-PROM

PROMETHEUS is a global energy system model covering in detail the complex interactions between energy demand, supply, and energy prices at the regional and global level. In terms of spatial disaggregation, OPEN-PROM will be expanded from 10 to at least 25 world regions, including G20 economies as well as further

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OSeMOSYS – Open Source Energy Modelling System OSeMOSYS

OSeMOSYS is an open source modelling system for long-run integrated assessment and energy planning. It has been employed to develop energy systems models from the scale of continents (African Power Pools, South America, EU28+2) down to the scale of countries, regions and villages. Designed to require no upfront financial investment,

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Oxford Global

Oxford Economics’ models provide a rigorous and consistent structure for forecasting and testing scenarios on a macro level for 80 countries, and for 100 sectors in 69 economies. Globally integrated and internally consistent, our models can be used to address questions on a wide range of economic topics such as

PAGE2002 – Policy Analysis of the Greenhouse Effect IAM

The PAGE2002 model is different to many often more complicated Integrated Assessment Models (IAM) as it is a stochastic model that incorporates simplified environmental and economic equations to approximate complex phenomena such as radiative forcing and economic impacts. By using probability distributions for economic and environmental variables, the model calculates

Participatory game based on the IAM released by GEEDS GEEDS-UVa

University of Valladolid

The participatory game “Global Sustainability Crossroads” based on the IAM and developed through the MEDEAS models by the Research Group of Energy, Economy and Systems Dynamics of the University of Valladolid (GEEDS-UVa) has just been released. It is intended to facilitate the communication with the civil society of the outcomes

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PLACEHOLDER-E

Centre for Climate Economics

Placeholder model entry, included so the models grid can be reviewed at a realistic size. Real documentation will be migrated from the current documentation portal.

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PLACEHOLDER-G

National Energy Systems Laboratory

Placeholder model entry, included so the models grid can be reviewed at a realistic size. Real documentation will be migrated from the current documentation portal.

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PLACEHOLDER-I

Institute of Environmental Futures

Placeholder model entry, included so the models grid can be reviewed at a realistic size. Real documentation will be migrated from the current documentation portal.

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PLACEHOLDER-M

School of Global Sustainability

Placeholder model entry, included so the models grid can be reviewed at a realistic size. Real documentation will be migrated from the current documentation portal.

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PLACEHOLDER-R

Laboratoire de Modélisation Prospective

Placeholder model entry, included so the models grid can be reviewed at a realistic size. Real documentation will be migrated from the current documentation portal.

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PLACEHOLDER-T

Academy of Energy and Climate Research

Placeholder model entry, included so the models grid can be reviewed at a realistic size. Real documentation will be migrated from the current documentation portal.

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PLAIA – Plastics Integrated Assessment model IAM

Integrated assessment models (IAM) study the interlinkages between human and natural systems and play a key role in assessing global strategies to reduce global warming. However, they largely neglect the role of materials and the circular economy. With the Plastics Integrated Assessment model (PLAIA), we included plastic production, use, and

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Plan4res

The goal of plan4res is to develop a modeling framework that allows to obtain a holistic assessment of the energy system. Having such an ambitious goal, it is required to divide the energy system in models that cover the different aspects of the energy system. This modular framework allows to

PROMETHEUS

PROMETHEUS is a global energy system model covering in detail the complex interactions between energy demand, supply and energy prices at the regional and global level. Its main objectives are: 1) Assess climate change mitigation pathways and low-emission development strategies for the medium and long-term 2) Analyse the energy system,

REMES

REMES is a Computable General Equilibrium model that represents the Norwegian economy with a particular focus on the energy system. REMES is used to study the effects of macroeconomic policies on the Norwegian economy. The model splits the national economy into five regions, which coincide with the five Norwegian energy

REMIND

REMIND (REgional Model of Investment and Development) is a numerical model that represents the future evolution of the world economies with a special focus on the development of the energy sector and the implications for our world climate. The goal of REMIND is to find the optimal mix of investments

reV: The Renewable Energy Potential Model

The Renewable Energy Potential (reV) model is a first-of-its-kind detailed spatio-temporal modeling assessment tool that empowers users to calculate renewable energy capacity, generation, and cost based on geospatial intersection with grid infrastructure and land-use characteristics. NREL developed the reV model to help utility planners, regional and national agencies, project and

RICE50+

RFF-CMCC European Institute on Economics and the Environment

A regionally disaggregated cost–benefit integrated assessment model derived from the RICE family, extended to 57 regions and used for questions about damages, equity and the social cost of carbon.

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STEM – Swiss TIMES Energy systems Model STEM

Understanding how structural changes occur in energy supply requires approaches that are able to represent the structure of the energy system in detail and the main factors affecting structural change. Among these factors, system-wide effects are likely to be particularly important given that technological change in one subsector of the

US-REGEN – U.S. Regional Economy, Greenhouse Gas, and Energy US-REGEN

The US Regional Economy, Greenhouse Gas, and Energy Model (US-REGEN) is a new model developed by the Electric Power Research Institute. It combines a detailed dispatch and capacity expansion model of the United States electric sector with a high-level dynamic computable general equilibrium (CGE) model of the United States economy,

WILIAM – Within Limits Integrated Assessment Model WILIAM

The WILIAM model (Within Limits Integrated Assessment Model) is a new IAM in the final stage of development within the H2020-LOCOMOTION project. WILIAM is a system dynamics developed model that has been designed based on MEDEAS models to address constraints in the field of IAMs. System dynamics allows capturing complex feedback loops and non-linear relationships between

WITCH

RFF-CMCC European Institute on Economics and the Environment

World Induced Technical Change Hybrid — a global dynamic optimisation model combining a growth model of the economy with a detailed representation of the energy sector and endogenous technical change.

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WITCH – World Induced Technical Change Hybrid WITCH

WITCH (World Induced Technical Change Hybrid) is an integrated assessment model designed to assess climate change mitigation and adaptation policies. WITCH consists of a dynamic global model that integrates in a unified framework the most important elements of climate change. The economy is modelled through an inter-temporal optimal growth model

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